第一次到德國沒有造訪柏林（Berlin）這個遺憾，絕對不會在這一次的行程發生第二次！離開了第二次造訪的慕尼黑（München/Munich）之後，搭上夜車來到了期待多年的活力之都－柏林（Berlin）。火車緩緩的駛進了一望無際的柏林中央車站（Berlin Hauptbahnhof），說一望無際其實也沒有很誇張，因為柏林中央車站（Berlin Hauptbahnhof）真的是非常大，除了各式各樣的商店、國內票櫃台、跨國票務、火車、地鐵等都整合在此。 在德國不斷的有人給予協助，到了柏林（Berlin）也不例外，好心的站務人員親自帶領、教導如何搭乘U-Bahn及S-Bahn到我們的飯店，並給了我們一張路線圖方便日後在柏林（Berlin）旅遊使用，實在非常感謝！
柏林（德語：Berlin，）是德國首都，也是德國最大的城市，現有居民約340萬人。柏林位於德國東北部，四面被布蘭登堡邦環繞，施普雷河和哈維爾河流經該市。柏林也是德國十六個邦之一，因此也稱為柏林州，和漢堡、不萊梅同為德國僅有的三個的城市邦。
柏林是歐盟區內人口第2多的城市以及城市面積第8大的城市。它是柏林-布蘭登堡都會區的中心，有來自超過190個國家的5百萬人口。地理上位於歐洲平原，受溫帶季節性氣候影響。城市周圍1/3的土地由森林、公園、花園、河流和湖泊組成。
該市第一次有文字記載是在13世紀，柏林連續的成為以下這些國家的首都：普魯士王國（1701-1870）、德意志帝國（1871-1918）、魏瑪共和國（1919-1933）、第三帝國（1933-1945）。在1920年代，柏林是世界第3大自治市。二戰後，城市被分割；東柏林成為了東德的首都，而西柏林事實上成為了西德在東德的一塊飛地，被柏林圍牆圍住。直到1990年兩德統一，該市重新獲得了全德國首都的地位，駐有147個外國大使館。
柏林無論是從文化、政治、傳媒還是科學上講都稱的上是世界級城市。該市經濟主要基於服務業，包括多種多樣的創造性產業、傳媒集團、議會舉辦地點。柏林扮演了一個歐洲大陸上航空與鐵路運輸交通樞紐的角色，同時它也是歐盟內遊客數量最多的城市之一。主要的產業包括信息技術、製藥、生物工程、生物科技、光學電子、交通工程和可再生能源。
柏林都會區有知名大學、研究院、體育賽事、管弦樂隊、博物館和知名人士。城市的歷史遺存使該市成為國際電影產品的交流中心。該市在節日活動、建築的多樣化、夜生活、當代藝術、公共運輸網路以及高質量生活方面得到了廣泛認可。柏林已經發展成一個全球焦點城市，以崇尚自由生活方式和現代精神的年輕人和藝術家而聞名。
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union. Located in northeastern Germany, it is the center of theBerlin-Brandenburg Metropolitan Region, which has 4.4 million residents from over 190 nations. Located in the European Plains, Berlin is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. Around one third of the city's area is composed of forests, parks, gardens, rivers and lakes.
First documented in the 13th century, Berlin was the capital of the Kingdom of Prussia (1701–1918), the German Empire (1871–1918), the Weimar Republic (1919–1933) and the Third Reich (1933–1945). Berlin in the 1920s was the third largest municipality in the world. After World War II, the city became divided into East Berlin—the capital of East Germany—and West Berlin, a West German exclave surrounded by the Berlin Wall (1961–1989). Following German reunification in 1990, the city regained its status as the capital of Germany, hosting 147 foreign embassies.
Berlin is a world city of culture, politics, media, and science.Its economy is primarily based on the service sector, encompassing a diverse range of creative industries, media corporations, and convention venues. Berlin also serves as a continental hub for air and rail transport, and is a popular tourist destination. Significant industries include IT, pharmaceuticals, biomedical engineering, biotechnology, electronics, traffic engineering, and renewable energy.
Berlin is home to renowned universities, research institutes, orchestras, museums, and celebrities, as well as host of many sporting events.Its urban settings and historical legacy have made it a popular location for international film productions. The city is well known for its festivals, diverse architecture, nightlife, contemporary arts, public transportation networks and a high quality of living.
▼U-Bahn & S-Bahn
▼BVG website
▼More U-Bahn & S-Bahn...Click"Ghost Station"!
▼External Links
▼歡迎來到柏林（Berlin），柏林中央車站（Berlin Hauptbahnhof）。
布蘭登堡門（德語：Brandenburger Tor）是位於德國首都柏林的新古典主義風格建築，由普魯士國王腓特烈·威廉二世下令於1788年至1791年間建造，以紀念普魯士在七年戰爭取得的勝利。
布蘭登堡門是柏林的象徵，也是德國的國家象徵標誌，它見證了柏林、德國、歐洲乃至世界的許多重要歷史事件。
地理位置
布蘭登堡門位於柏林市中心，東側是巴黎廣場（德語：Pariser Platz）和菩提樹下大街（德語：Unter den Linden）的盡頭，西側是三月十八日廣場（德語：Platz des 18. März）和六月十七大街（德語：Straße des 17. Juni）的起點。
布蘭登堡門東側的巴黎廣場，以紀念1814年普魯士軍隊在解放戰爭中佔領巴黎而命名。菩提樹下大街從布蘭登堡門向東橫穿柏林市中心，一直通往柏林博物館島和柏林電視塔，是歐洲最華麗的大街之一。
布蘭登堡門西側的三月十八日廣場，以紀念1848年3月18日的德國三月革命和1990年3月18日民主德國的第一次人民議會自由選舉而命名。六月十七日大街，則是為了紀念1953年6月17日發生在民主德國的人民起義，它從布蘭登堡門起向西經過柏林勝利紀念柱，穿過柏林城區最大的公園蒂爾加滕和柏林工業大學。
布蘭登堡門東側是柏林老城，西側則通往城外，因此東側為門內，西側為門外。
▼外部連結
- 布蘭登堡門基金會（德文）
- 柏林旅遊信息網：布蘭登堡門（德文）
- 柏林除夕新年晚會（德文）（英文）
- 「柏林180°」-1945年的布蘭登堡門全景圖（德文）
- 「柏林180°」-1945年的布蘭登堡門繪製的動態過程（德文）
The Brandenburg Gate (German: Brandenburger Tor) is a former city gate and one of the most well-known landmarks of Berlin and Germany. It is located west of the city centre at the junction of Unter den Linden and Ebertstraße, immediately west of the Pariser Platz. It is the only remaining gate of a series through which Berlin was once entered. One block to the north stands the Reichstag building. The gate is the monumental entry to Unter den Linden, the renowned boulevard of linden trees which formerly led directly to the city palace of the Prussian monarchs. It was commissioned by King Frederick William II of Prussia as a sign of peace and built by Carl Gotthard Langhans from 1788 to 1791. Having suffered considerable damage in World War II, the Brandenburg Gate was fully restored from 2000 to 2002 by the Stiftung Denkmalschutz Berlin (Berlin Monument Conservation Foundation).
▼External Links
- Stiftung Denkmalschutz Berlin (Berlin Monument Conservation Foundation)
- Brandenburg Gate described in its historic context.
- Panorama Brandenburg Gate - Panoramic view from the Pariser Platz
- Webcam: Live-View of the Street "Unter den Linden" with Brandenburg Gate in Berlin, Germany
- Ronald Reagan's Tear this Wall speech
- Complete text, audio and video of Ronald Reagan's Brandenburg Gate Address from AmericanRhetoric.com
- Bill Clinton's Berlin is free speech
- Video News report of the Brandenburg Gate re-opening - Real Player needed
- Germany, Berlin, Brandenburger Tor Virtual tour with map and compass effect by Tolomeus
- Panorama Brandenburg Gate 1945 - Panoramic view into the past, 60 years after WWII
- Celebrating 20 years after tearing down the Berlin wall, 1989 - Pictures at Brandenburg Gate on November 9, 2009
- Three-dimensional view of Brandenburger Gate (without plugin English, German, Spanish)
▼布蘭登堡門（Brandenburg Tor），柏林（Berlin）最著名的地標之一。
▼絡繹不絕的觀光客。
▼老先生在街頭的草莓攤，買的人很多而且也很好吃！
The Fernsehturm (English: television tower) is a television tower in the city centre of Berlin, Germany. Close to Alexanderplatz and part of the World Federation of Great Towers (WFGT), the tower was constructed between 1965 and 1969 by the former German Democratic Republic administration who intended it as a symbol of Berlin, which it remains today,[1] as it is easily visible throughout the central and some suburban districts of Berlin. With its height of 368 meters, it is the tallest structure in Germany.
▼電視塔（Fernsehturm），柏林著名地標，塔高365M，柏林最高建築物也是歐洲第二高的建築。
▼陽光照射下變成閃閃發光的金球。
▼不管走到柏林（Berlin）的哪個角落一定都會看到這座高塔！
▼從飯店還是可以很清楚的看到他。
柏林圍牆（德語：Berliner Mauer），東德稱此牆為「反法西斯防衛牆」（Antifaschistischer Schutzwall），柏林圍牆約155公里長，約3至4公尺高。於1961年8月13日開始建造，一開始以鐵絲網為材料，後才被換成更為堅固耐久的磚牆。
德國首都柏林在第二次世界大戰以後被分割為東柏林與西柏林，東德為了隔絕東德人民投向西德，於是沿著邊界在己方的領土上建立圍牆，將西柏林整個包圍起來。柏林圍牆的建立是二戰以後德國分裂和冷戰的重要標誌性建築。1989年11月9日，屹立了28年的柏林圍牆倒塌，1990年兩德重歸統一。
The Berlin Wall (German: Berliner Mauer) was a barrier constructed by the German Democratic Republic (GDR, East Germany) starting on 13 August 1961, that completely cut off West Berlin from surrounding East Germany and from East Berlin. The barrier included guard towers placed along large concrete walls, which circumscribed a wide area (later known as the "death strip") that contained anti-vehicle trenches, "fakir beds" and other defenses. The Eastern Bloc claimed that the wall was erected to protect its population from fascist elements conspiring to prevent the "will of the people" in building a socialist state in East Germany. In practice, the Wall served to prevent the massive emigration and defection that marked Germany and the communist Eastern Bloc during the post-World War II period.
The Berlin Wall was officially referred to as the "Anti-Fascist Protection Rampart" (German: Antifaschistischer Schutzwall) by GDR authorities, implying that neighbouring West Germany had not been fully de-Nazified. The West Berlin city government sometimes referred to it as the "Wall of Shame"—a term coined by mayor Willy Brandt—while condemning the Wall's restriction on freedom of movement. Along with the separate and much longer Inner German border (IGB) that demarcated the border between East and West Germany, both borders came to symbolize the "Iron Curtain" that separated Western Europe and the Eastern Bloc during the Cold War.
Before the Wall's erection, 3.5 million East Germans circumvented Eastern Bloc emigration restrictions and defected from the GDR, many by crossing over the border from East Berlin into West Berlin, from where they could then travel to West Germany and other Western European countries. Between 1961 and 1989, the wall prevented almost all such emigration. During this period, around 5,000 people attempted to escape over the wall, with estimates of the resulting death toll varying between 100 and 200.
In 1989, a radical series of political changes occurred in the Eastern Bloc, associated with the liberalization of the Eastern Bloc's authoritarian systems and the erosion of political power in the pro-Soviet governments in nearby Poland and Hungary. After several weeks of civil unrest, the East German government announced on 9 November 1989 that all GDR citizens could visit West Germany and West Berlin. Crowds of East Germans crossed and climbed onto the wall, joined by West Germans on the other side in a celebratory atmosphere. Over the next few weeks, a euphoric public and souvenir hunters chipped away parts of the wall; the governments later used industrial equipment to remove most of the rest. The fall of the Berlin Wall paved the way for German reunification, which was formally concluded on 3 October 1990.
▼在市區走著走著就會發現有一條像鐵軌的東西埋在地上，這就是柏林圍牆（Berlin Wall / Berliner Mauer）的遺址。
▼1961-1989，持續了28年的冷戰與分裂。
▼總長約155公里，所以我無法從頭走到尾。。。
▼不過一旁的C檢查哨（Checkpoint Charlie）真的是十分有趣！
查理檢查哨（Checkpoint Charlie，或稱為C檢查哨），位於柏林市中心，是冷戰時期柏林圍牆邊東德與西柏林進出的一個檢查點。從這個檢查哨往東去，即進入東柏林，反之則是進入美國佔領區的西柏林。柏林圍牆拆除後，此檢查哨未隨同拆除，反而成為柏林旅遊的重要景點。在查理檢查哨邊有一博物館，即查理檢查哨博物館。
| 在過去檢查哨旁立牌面向西柏林的一面，分別用英文、俄文、法文及德文寫著：「您即將離開美國佔領區」。 | |
|
YOU ARE LEAVING SIE VERLASSEN DEN AMERIKANISCHEN SEKTOR US ARMY |
 |
▼接著就是柏林圍牆（Berlin Wall / Berliner Mauer）被保留下來的部份。
▼為了保護古蹟，相關單位還設立了護欄隔離遊客的摧殘。
▼東德與西德之間。
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The German Historical Museum (Deutsches Historisches Museum), DHM for short, is a museum in Berlin devoted to German history and defines itself as a place of enlightenment and understanding of the shared history of Germans and Europeans.
The Museum is located in the Zeughaus (armoury) on the avenue Unter den Linden as well as in the adjacent Exhibition Hall designed by I. M. Pei.
The German Historical Museum is under the legal form of a foundation registered by the Federal Republic of Germany. Its highest-ranking body is the Board of Trustees (Kuratorium) with representatives of the Federal Government, the German Bundestag (Parliament) and the governments of the German Länder, or states.
▼德意志歷史博物館（German Historical Museum / Deutsches Historisches Museum）
▼非常現代的建築外觀，明亮的玻璃設計，是不是跟巴黎羅浮宮有異曲同工之妙呢？沒錯，這也是出自大師－貝聿銘（I-M,Pei）之手。
▼非常俐落。
▼光、影、空間。
▼空間整體規劃的非常好。
▼旋轉梯很優雅。
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Berlin Cathedral (German: Berliner Dom) is the colloquial name for the Evangelical (i.e. Protestant) Oberpfarr- und Domkirche(English analogously: Supreme Parish and Collegiate Church, literally Supreme Parish and Cathedral Church) in Berlin, Germany. It is the parish church of the Evangelical congregation Gemeinde der Oberpfarr- und Domkirche zu Berlin, a member of the umbrella organisation Evangelical Church of Berlin-Brandenburg-Silesian Upper Lusatia. Its present building is located onMuseum Island in the Mitte borough.
The Berlin Cathedral had never been a cathedral in the actual sense of that term since it has never been the seat of a bishop. The bishop of the Evangelical Church in Berlin-Brandenburg (under this name 1945–2003) is based in St. Mary's Church, Berlin, andKaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church. St. Hedwig's Cathedral serves as seat of Berlin's Roman Catholic metropolitan bishop.
▼柏林大教堂（Berliner Dom）官方網站
▼柏林大教堂（Berliner Dom）。
▼華麗的圓頂與內部設計。
▼遊客可以走不斷旋轉的樓梯至屋頂欣賞柏林（Berlin）市區風景。
▼天使已經在屋頂等我了。。。
▼電視塔（Fernsehturm）永遠是最顯眼的建築物。
▼底下廣場旁是舊博物館（Altes Museum）。
▼有人在一大片草地中間留下了愛！
▼我喜歡綠色的屋頂加上金光閃閃的圓球。
▼宏偉壯觀的教堂。
▼舊博物館（Altes Museum）。
▼距離電視塔（Fernsehturm）不遠的紅色市政廳（Rotes Rathaus），這一帶適合步行參觀。
▼尼古拉教堂（Nikolai Kirche）的兩座尖塔十分好認，現在內部為市立博物館。
▼位於選帝侯大道（Kurfürstendamm）附近的威廉一世紀念堂（Kaiser-Wilheim-Geda Chtniskirche）。
▼波茨坦廣場（Plotsdamer Platz）旁的Sony Center。
▼柏林地鐵。
▼外部連結（External Links）
- Wiki旅行上的柏林旅遊指南
- 官方中文網站
- 官方旅客信息網站
- 觀光柏林
- Berlin City Panoramas
- Berlin.de—Official Website
- Official Website of the Berlin-Brandenburg Metropolitan Area
- Regional directory (German)
- Berlin Tourist Information
- Dumont Restaurantguide Berlin
- Monthly English-language magazine for Berlin
- English-language city guide for Berlin
- Berlin Travel Tips
- Berlin travel guide from Wikitravel
- Berlin photo gallery—Images of Berlin and its most popular monuments.
▼U-Bahn & S-Bahn
▼BVG website
▼DB Navigator（APP for Android）
▼德鐵（DB）官方資訊網
▼Online-Ticket（快速又方便）
▼City Night Line（夜車資訊）
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