梵蒂岡 Vaticano＜神聖國度＞ @ City Flyer

梵蒂岡（Vaticano），全世界最小的國家、擁有最多信仰人口，雖然是全世界最小國卻擁有完整的行政系統、媒體、郵政、貨幣等，一個完整而獨立的政權，同時也是歐洲唯一與台灣建交的國家！

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Vatican City /ˈ v æ t ɨ k ən ˈ s ɪ t i/, or Vatican City State, in Italian officially Stato della Città del Vaticano, which translates literally as State of the City of the Vatican, is a landlocked sovereign city-state whose territory consists of a walled enclave within the city of Rome, Italy. It has an area of approximately 44 hectares (110 acres), and a population of just over 800.

Vatican City was established in 1929 by the Lateran Treaty, signed by Cardinal Secretary of State Pietro Gasparri, on behalf of the Holy See and by Prime Minister Benito Mussolini on behalf of the Kingdom of Italy. Vatican City State is distinct from the Holy See, which dates back to early Christianity and is the main episcopal see of 1.2 billion Latin and Eastern Catholic adherents around the globe. Ordinances of Vatican City are published in Italian; official documents of the Holy See are issued mainly in Latin. The two entities have distinct passports: the Holy See, not being a country, issues only diplomatic and service passports, whereas Vatican City State issues normal passports. In each case very few passports are issued.

The Lateran Treaty in 1929, which brought the city-state into existence, spoke of it as a new creation (Preamble and Article III), not as a vestige of the much larger Papal States (756–1870) that had previously encompassed much of central Italy. Most of this territory was absorbed into the Kingdom of Italy in 1860, and the final portion, namely the city of Rome with Lazio, ten years later, in 1870.

Vatican City is an ecclesiastical or sacerdotal-monarchicalstate, ruled by the Bishop of Rome—the Pope. The highest state functionaries are all Catholic clergymen of various national origins. It is the sovereign territory of the Holy See (Sancta Sedes) and the location of the Pope's residence, referred to as the Apostolic Palace.

The Popes have generally resided in the area that in 1929 became Vatican City since the return from Avignon in 1377, but have also at times resided in the Quirinal Palace in Rome and elsewhere. Previously, they resided in the Lateran Palace on the Caelian Hill on the far side of Rome from the Vatican. Emperor Constantine gave this site to Pope Miltiades in 313. The signing of the agreements that established the new state took place in the latter building, giving rise to the name of Lateran Pacts, by which they are known.

若到梵蒂岡（Vaticano）絕對不能錯過聖彼得大教堂（Basilica Papale di San Pietro），由於參觀的遊客非常多所以建議早上7、8點就前往，避免花太多時間排隊，進入教堂前會有安全檢查，所以尖銳的刀具等是不能攜帶的！（開放時間07:00~18:30，隨季節而有變動）

最重要的是教堂對儀態的規定相當嚴格，要注意不得穿著太曝露、背心、迷你短裙等，進入教堂最好也不要帶著帽子，避免不尊重！

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